Boiler



(No Model.) 4 sheets-sheet 2.

J. PIERPONT.

-BOILER. No. 529,306. Patented Nov. 13, 1894.

WITNESSES INVENTOR JW 9W( 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

J. PIERPOINT. BOILEB..

No. 529,806. Patented Nov. 13, 1894.

INVENTOR M AM/ ja, .u 0M. W l

? 7n/awww@ WITNESSES 4 Sheets-Sheet 4. J. PIERPOINT.

BOILBR. Y

Patented Nov. 13, 1894.

ENVEEZTOR (No Model.)

UNITED vSTATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES PIERPOINT, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 529,306, dated November13, 1894.

Application filed July 12,1894. Serial No. 517,342. (No model.)

T0 a/ZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JAMES PIERPOINT, of Pittsburg, in the county ofAllegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Boilers, of which the following is a full, clear, andexact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,forming part of this specification, in which-- Figure l is a verticalsectional view of my improved boiler; and Figs. 2 to 6 inclusive aresimilar views of modified forms of the same.

My invention relates to the class of vertical water-tube boilers, and itconsists broadly in a boiler having a front upper and lower drumconnected by direct tubes and also by circulating tubes, and a series ofdrums within the setting through which the water passes successively orin serial order before reaching the front upper and lower drums.

It also consists in the construction and arrangement of parts ashereinafter more fully described and set forth in the claims.

In Fig. 1 of the drawings, 2, 3 and 4 represent elevated steam and waterdrums, and 5, 6, 7, are lower water drums designed for the collection ofsediment precipitated from the water in the tubes of the boiler. Each ofthe upper drums has communication with a main steam delivery pipe 8, andeach of the lower drums should be provided with a suitablevalve-controlled blow-off pipe or cock. Therear drums 2 and 5 areconnected by a bank of tubes 9, the middle drums 3 and 6 are connectedby a bank of tubes 10, and the front drums 4 and 7 are connected by abank of tubes 1l. The feed-water inlet pipe 12 enters the rear lowerdrum 5, and the upper drums 2 and 3 are connected by an overflow waterpipe 13 which permits the water to flow from drum 5 through the tubes 9and drum 2 into the drum 3. The lower drum 6 is connected with the upperdrum 4 by a diagonal feed pipe or pipes 14, and the front drums 4, 7,are connected by a bank of circulating tubes 15.

16 is a lire-brick partition interposed between the banks of tubes l1and 15; and 17 is a partition interposed between the banks 9 and 10.

18 is the combustion-chamber of the furnace, and 19 is the stack-flue.

The hot gases and products of combustion from the combustion-chamberascend first along the tubes 11, then descend along the tubes 10 and 15,and nally ascend along the bank of tubes 9. The tubes 11 therefore areexposed to the greatest heat, the tubes lO and 15 to less heat, and thetubes 9 to still less than the tubes 10, which in turn are subjected togreater heat than the tubes 15.

The operation is as followsz-The boiler having been filled up to theWater level of the upper drums by water admitted through the feed-pipel2, and the fire having been started in the combustion-chamber so as toraise the temperature of the water to the boiling point, the differencein temperature to which the banks of tubes ll and l5 are subjectedcauses a continuous circulation between the drums 4 and 7 up the tubes1l and down the tubes 15. As the water in the boiler is evaporated, thefeed water, entering the drum 5, ascends to the drum 2 through the tubes9, passes into the drum 3 through the tubes 13, thence descends throughthe tubes 10 to the drum 6, and thence rises through the pipe or pipes14 to the drum 4, whence it passes in circuit back and forth between thedrums 4 and 7 as above explained. The pipe (or pipes) 14 is preferablyof such small area relatively to the conjoined area of the tubes of anyof the banks, that it shall be sufficient only to conduct the feed-waterto the drum 4, but not sufficient to permit local circulation of waterbetween the drums 4 and 6. As the drums 5, 6,7, are not connected bynipples, the water passes in continuous serial course from the rear feeddrum of the boiler until it reaches the part of the boiler comprisingthe two front drums and their double connecting banks of tubes, and whenit reaches this front part of the boiler it Vtravels in circuit from onedrum to the other.

The construction is very favorable to the precipitation of sedimentbefore the water reaches the hottest tubes, and is well adapted toproduce dry steam and to maintain a constantly uniform water level forthe water of the upper drums.

Variations in the construction of the boiler, embodying the principlesabove stated, may be made by the skilled mechanic. Thus in Fig. 2 I showa modification, in which the parts corresponding tothe parts of Fig. 1

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are designated by the same numerals distinguished therefrom by the primemark. Here the feed-water pipe 12 is connected with the upper drum 2',the drums 5' and 3 are connected by a diagonal bank of tubes 13', andthe remainder of the boiler is the same in construction as in Fig. l. Inthis case, the direct course of the feed-water is in succession throughthe drum 2', tubes 9', drum 5', tubes 13', drum 3', tubes 10', drum 6',tubes 14', to the drum 4', whence it travels in circuit through thetubes l1 and 15.

In Fig. 3, in which the parts are designated by the reference figures ofFig. 1, distinguished by the exponent letter ct, the feedwater pipe 12aenters the upper drum A2a, the lower drums 5a and 6a are connected bypipes or nipples 13', and the middle upper drum 3a is connected with thelower front drum 7a by a diagonal feed-pipe or pipes 14a. Here thecourse of the feed-water is from the drum 2' through tubes 9a, drum 5a,pipes 13, drum 6, tubes 10', drum 3', pipe or pipes 14 to the drum 7,whence it travels in circuit through the tubes 11a and 15a.

In Fig. 4, in which the parts are distinguished by the exponent letterb, the feedwater enters the drum 2b, the drums 5b and 6b are connectedby pipes or nipples 13b, and the drums 3b and 4b are connected by pipesor nipples 14. The course of the feed-water is from the drum 2b throughthe tubes 9b, drum 5b, pipes 13b, drum 6b,tubes 10b, drum 3b, pipes 14",to drum 4b, whence it passes in circuit through the tubes 11b and 15".

In Fig. 5, in which the parts are distinguished by the exponent lettero, there are but two lower drums 5C and 7C. The feedwater inlet 12centers the rear upper drum 2C, the drum 5 is connected with the drums 2and 3c by tubes 9, 10c, and the drum 3c is connected with the drum 7'cby a feedpipe or pipes 14. The course of the feedwater to the drum 7 isfrom the drum 2c through the tubes 9c, drum 5, tubes 10C, drum 3c, andpipe 14C, whence it travels in circuit through the tubes 11c and 15C.

In Fig. 6, in which the parts are distinguished by the exponent letterd, the feedwater pipe 12l enters the rear lower drum 5d, the drums 2dand 3d are connected by pipes or nipples 13d, and the drums 3d and 4dare connected by pipes or nipples 14d. Here the feed-water passes fromthe drum 5d through the tubes 9d, drum 2d, pipes 13d, drum 3d, pipes14d,to thedrum4d,whence it circulates through the pipes 11d and 15d.

Other modifications of my invention embodying the same principle willsuggest themselves to those skilled in the art.

With a view of claiming broadly the principle of construction abovedescribed, and also of claiming the diagonal feed tube and finalcirculating pipes shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, I claim as myinvention-- 1. A steam boiler having upper steam and water drums andlower water drums, direct tubes connecting the front upper and lowerdrums, circulating tubes arranged in a cooler part of the furnace, alsoconnecting said front upper and lower drums, a feed water inlet enteringone of the rear drums, and tubes or pipes connecting serially the feedwater inlet and intermediate drums, with the circuit constituted by thefrontdrurns and their tubes; substantially as described.

2. A steam boiler comprising lower water drums, and three upper steamand Water drums, direct tubes connecting the front upper and lowerdrums, circulating tubes also connecting said front upper and lowerdrums, said circulating tubes being arranged in a cooler part of thefurnace, and tubes or pipes connecting serially the other drums witheach other and with the circuit constituted by said front drums andtheir tubes; substantially as described.

3. A steam boiler comprising lower water drums, and upper steam andwater drums, direct tubes connecting the front upper and lower drums,circulating tubes also connecting said front upper and lower drums, andset in a cooler part of the furnace, tubes or pipes serially connectingthe remaining drums with each other, and a pipe or pipes extending fromone of the front drums to one of the hinder drums, whereby is formed aconnection between the circuit constituted by the front drums and theirtubes, and the remaining drums; substantially as described.

4. A steam boiler comprising water drums, and upper steam and waterdrums, direct tubes connecting the front upper and lower drums,circulating tubes also connecting said front upper and lower drums, andset in a cooler part of the furnace, tubes or pipes serially connectingthe remaining drums with each other; and a pipe or pipes extendingdiagonally from one of the front drums to one of the hinder drums,whereby is formed a connection between the circuit constituted by thefront drums and their tubes, and the remaining drums; substantially asdescribed.

5. A steam boiler comprising water drums, and upper steam andv waterdrums, direct tubes connecting the front upper and lower drums,circulating tubes also connecting said front upper and lower drums, andset in a cooler part of the furnace, tubes or pipes serially connectingthe remaining drums with each other, and a pipe or pipes extendingdiagonally from one of the front drums to one of the hinder drums,whereby is formed a connection between the circuit constituted by thefront drums and their tubes, and the remaining drums, said diagonal pipeor pipes being of small area relative to Ithe conjoined area of thetubes of any of the banks; substantially as described.

6. A boiler comprising upper steam and water drums, 2, 3, 4, lower waterdrums, 5, 6, 7, tubes 9 connecting the drums 2, 5, pipes 13 connectingthe drums 2, 3, tubes lO connecting the drums 3, 6, tubes 11 connecting`the IOS lIO

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drums 4, 7, circulating tubes 15 also connecting the drums 4, 7, and afeed-pipe or pipes 14 connecting the drums 6 and 4; substantially asdescribed.

7. In a steam boiler andin combination with the upper and lower drums, abank of direct tubes connecting the front upper and lower drums, a tirewall or partition as 16, and a bank of circulating tubes arranged inrear of 1o said partition, but connecting the front upper and lowerdrums, with means for connecting the remaining drums with each other,and withthecircuit constituted by the front drums and their tubes;substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set 15 my hand.

JAMES PIERPOINT. Witnesses:

THOMAS W. BAKEWELL, F. E. GAITHER.

